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Learn about DNA & Genetics — Simply Explained
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the instruction manual for life. Every cell in your body contains about 6 feet of DNA packed into its nucleus, encoding roughly 20,000 genes that determine everything from your eye color to how your body fights disease. Genetics is the study of how these instructions are passed from parent to child.
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What is a gene?+
A gene is a specific section of DNA that contains instructions for making a protein. Think of DNA as a cookbook and each gene as a recipe — together they build and maintain your body.
Why do siblings look different?+
Each parent contributes a random half of their DNA to each child. The specific combination is different every time, which is why siblings share about 50% of their DNA but can look quite different.
What is a genetic mutation?+
A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence — like a typo in a recipe. Most are harmless, some are beneficial (driving evolution), and a few can cause disease.
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